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Sin categoríaShareholder disputes in Spain: when they cross the criminal line

Companies and economic crime Shareholder disputes in Spain: when they cross the criminal line A shareholder dispute is, first and foremost, a commercial-law dispute. But there is a point at which it crosses the criminal line, and knowing where that point lies is what separates a criminal complaint that prospers from one that is dismissed....

Sin categoríaDigital Evidence in Corporate Criminal Cases: Whoever Dominates the Information Wins

Companies and economic crime Digital evidence in corporate criminal cases: whoever dominates the information wins Challenging imagings and chains of custody, dismantling expert methods and dominating the investigation instead of the trial. The case file has twenty volumes, fifty thousand emails and three contradictory expert reports. The hearing lasts five days. And the defence that...

Sin categoríaInternal Investigations: the Report That Protects the Company, and the One That Sinks It

Companies and economic crime Internal investigations: the report that protects the company, and the one that sinks it The window before the Prosecution, the four limits, external professional secrecy and the three legitimate exits. The company commissions an internal investigation, the report concludes there is nothing, and that report ends up being the main prosecution...

Sin categoríaEffective Compliance: the Five Questions the Judge Will Ask Your Company

Companies and economic crime Effective compliance: the five questions the judge will ask your company Corporate criminal liability, the penalties that destroy companies and the examination an organisation model must pass. Your company has a compliance manual. It was commissioned years ago, it is bound, and nobody has opened it since. If criminal proceedings arrive...

Sin categoríaA Search at the Company: the First Hours Decide the Next Four Years

Companies and economic crime A search at the company: the first hours decide the next four years Who is at the door, the first five moves, the record that decides the appeal and the 72 hours that follow. The day the judicial commission shows up at your company, everything that happens in the following four...

Sin categoríaCEO Fraud: the Transfer That Ruins a Company and the Hours That Decide Everything

Companies and economic crime CEO fraud: the transfer that ruins a company and the hours that decide everything How business email compromise works, what to do in the first hours, whether the bank answers and what actually prevents it. An email from the finance director requests an urgent and confidential transfer to close a deal....

Sin categoríaDeepfakes and Audiovisual Evidence: Challenging AI-Generated Video and Audio in Spain

Cybercrime and digital evidence Deepfakes and audiovisual evidence: how to challenge an AI-generated video or audio Generative AI can fabricate videos and voice recordings nearly indistinguishable from real ones. These are the challenge routes in Spanish criminal proceedings. For decades, a video or a voice recording produced in proceedings enjoyed almost automatic credibility. Image and...

Sin categoríaSuspension of the Prison Sentence in Spain: Requirements, Periods and Conditions

Criminal law Suspension of the prison sentence: requirements, periods and conditions When imprisonment can be avoided after a conviction and what obligations the judge imposes during the suspension period. A prison sentence does not always mean actually entering a penitentiary. The Criminal Code allows, under certain conditions, the execution of short custodial penalties to be...

Sin categoríaThe Family Member Residence Permit in 2025: a Clear Route to Regularise Residence in Spain

Immigration and residence in Spain The family member residence permit in 2025: a clear route to regularise residence in Spain Royal Decree 1155/2024: who qualifies, filing from Spain, 45-day resolution and work rights from the application. Since 20 May, an important change has come into force for the family members of Spanish citizens. The old...

Sin categoríaINTERPOL Red Diffusion: What It Is, Its Effects and How to Defend Yourself

Extradition and international cooperation INTERPOL red diffusion: what it is, what effects it has and how to defend yourself Differences with the red notice, practical consequences of appearing in INTERPOL databases and the routes to obtain cancellation before the CCF. Few situations generate as much uncertainty as discovering, usually at an airport passport control, that...

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